Pg 52 #1-12

1. Mary Parker's views on group is that she believes organizations should be viewed as communities and work together in harmony. Everyone must work as a unity and should take over and reconcile conflicts and differences.

2. A manager's job in Mary Parker's views is an individual who is a leader, but someone who wants workers to be included into the overall business. She believes, working as a united group and as a family will lead to the most successful business.

3. Follet emphasizes on groups and her commitment to human cooperation are imperative themes in today's business. She believed making every employee an owner in a business would create feelings of collective responsibility.

4. The initial purpose of the Hawthorne studies was the scientific management perspective and sought to determine how economic incentives and physical conditions of the workplace affected the output of workers. The actual outcome of the experiment directed research attention to findings of psychological factors that affect workers.

5. The two factors that Elton Mayo initially singled out in his studies were how economic incentives and physical conditions of the workplace were affecting the output of workers. However later on he found that it was certain psychological factors that impacted the employees.

6. The Hawthorn effect is the later finding of the Hawthorne studies that believed in understanding human interaction in a workplace and how it can correlate with work. What really makes a difference in how people work and productivity is workers being observed and work harder and are treated differently, being watched or singled out.

7. The Human Relations Movement suggested that managers using good human relations will achieve productivity. The movement was largely based on the viewpoint that managers who used good human relations in the workplace would achieve productivity.

8. According to Maslow, a need is a physiological or psychological deficiency that a person feels compelled to satisfy. In his findings, there are 5 main points of needs a person must go through in the workplace and in life.

9. Self-Actualization
Esteem Needs
Social Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs

10. Theory X management explains negative aspects of a worker. Characteristics for a bad worker are irresponsible, lack of ambition, dislike work and prefer to be led.

11. Theory Y management explains the positive aspects of a worker. Characteristics for a good worker are willing workers, likes responsibility, optimist and positive attitude.

12. Argyris's theory of personality looked at self1. Mary Parker's views on group is that she believes organizations should be viewed as communities and work together in harmony. Everyone must work as a unity and should take over and reconcile conflicts and differences.